KIRCHHOFF'S LAWS
A german physicist GUSTAV KIRCHHOFF develop two laws enabling easier analysis of circuit containing interconnected impedance . First law deals of flow of current and it's process called kirchhoff current law (KCL) , And other hand deals with voltage drop in closed circuit is called kirchhoff voltage law (KVL) .
KIRCHHOFF'S CURRENT LAW (KCL)
In state that any electric network athe algebraic sum is current meeting at any node of a circuit is zero .
KIRCHHOFF'S VOLTAGE LAW (KVL)
In state that the algebraic sum of current entering at a node must be qual to the algebraic sum of currents eleaving that node .
NETWORK ANALYSIS PROCEDURE USING KIRCHHOFF'S LAW
1. Convert all current source to the voltage source .
2. latter or number all the junction must be A, B, C or 1, 2, 3.
3. Identify the current direction and voltage polarities and number them according to the resistor involved
4. Identify each current path according to the lattered junction and applying kirchhoff voltage law (KVL) , write the voltage equation for the path
5. Applying kirchhoff current law (KCL) write the equation for current entering and leaving all junction where more than one current are involved
6. solve the equation and find unknown value of current or voltage .
NODAL ANALYSIS
Nodal analysis are based on the kirchhoff current law . the main advantage that a minimum number of equation are needed to determine the unknown quantities. It is particularly suited for networks having many parallel branches and also when there are current source in the network .
For the application of this method one of the node in the network is regarded as the reference or zero potential node .
The number of simultaneous equation to be solved becomes ( n -1 ) , where n = number of independent nodes.
NODAL ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
1. Convert all voltage sources to current sources and redraw the circuit diagram .
2. identify all nodes and choise refrence node .
3. write the equation for the current following into and out of each node .
4. solve the equation to determine the node voltage and the required current branch
MESH ANALYSIS (LOOP ANALYSIS)
Mesh analysis is the based on the kirchhoff voltage law . the current in different meshes are assigned continuous paths so that they do not split at a junction into branch current . in the method the , the voltage equation are written in the form of KVL of unknown loop current . in this method the loop current we solve in easy way
DC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS PROCESURE USING LOOP EQUATIONS
1. Convert all current source into voltage source
2. draw all loop current in the clock wise direction and identify them
3. identify all voltage drop as + to - in the direction of the loop current and assume these drops to be positive
4. Identify all voltage source according to their correct polarity
5. write equation of voltage drop according to the around each loop in turn , by equating the sum of the voltage drops to zero
6. Solve the equation and find unknown current and voltage drop
Also Read - DC Network Basic
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